Herpes Simplex Virus 2 DNA (Quantitative) in Serum or Plasma

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like sores, pain, or unusual discharge that could be caused by HSV-2. They might also recommend it if you have a history of genital herpes, unexplained genital sores, or if you’re at higher risk for infection. In some cases, it’s used to confirm a diagnosis after a suspected outbreak or to check for infection in newborns born to infected mothers.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll typically provide a blood sample (serum or plasma) or other bodily fluid, depending on the test setup. No special preparation is needed, but avoid alcohol or certain medications for a few days before testing if instructed by your provider. If a urine sample is used, drink plenty of water the day before.

What the Test Results Mean

If the test detects HSV-2 DNA, it means the virus is present in your system. This doesn’t always mean you’re actively sick—it could indicate past infection or latent virus. Results are usually reported as positive or negative, with no specific numeric values provided for the viral load.

Common Reasons for Testing

This test is often used to diagnose herpes infections, especially in cases where symptoms are unclear or to confirm a diagnosis after initial testing. It can also be used to assess risk for transmission, monitor treatment effectiveness, or screen for infection in high-risk individuals.