Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 DNA (Quantitative) in Cerebrospinal Fluid

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms such as severe headaches, neck stiffness, confusion, fever, or other signs of a neurological infection. It’s also used in cases where HSV-2 is suspected as the cause of symptoms like meningitis or encephalitis, especially if you have a history of genital herpes.

What to Expect Before the Test

The test involves a lumbar puncture (spinal tap), where a small needle is inserted into your lower back to collect CSF. You may feel a brief pinch, but it’s usually not painful. You’ll lie on your side and may be asked to hold your breath briefly during the procedure. Recovery is quick, and you can usually return to normal activities soon after.

What the Results Mean

If HSV-2 DNA is detected in your CSF, it suggests active infection in your nervous system. This can confirm conditions like herpes meningitis or encephalitis. If no DNA is found, it means the virus is likely not actively causing an infection in your spinal fluid at this time.

How the Test Works

The test uses a specialized laboratory method to detect and quantify the genetic material (DNA) of HSV-2 in your CSF. This involves analyzing a small sample of fluid collected during the lumbar puncture to identify the virus’s presence.