: Herpes Simplex Virus 2 (HSV-2) DNA Detection by Nucleic Acid Probe

: What This Test Detects

: The test looks for DNA from herpes simplex virus type 2, the virus most commonly linked to genital herpes. Because it detects the virus's genetic material directly, it can identify an active infection. The slug indicates a probe-based molecular method, but specimen type is not specified, so the test is best understood as a general HSV-2 DNA detection test.

: How the Test Is Done

: A sample is collected from the area being evaluated, such as a swab from a sore, or sometimes from blood, fluid, or other body sites depending on the clinical question. In the laboratory, a nucleic acid probe binds specifically to HSV-2 DNA if it is present, and the result is reported as detected or not detected.

: What Results Mean

: A "detected" result means HSV-2 genetic material was found, which generally supports an active HSV-2 infection. A "not detected" result means HSV-2 DNA was not found in that sample, but it does not rule out infection, especially if the sample was collected outside an active outbreak or from a site where the virus was not shedding.

: HSV-1 and HSV-2

: Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 are closely related but different viruses. Type 1 is often associated with oral cold sores and type 2 with genital herpes, though either can cause infection in either area. This test is specific to HSV-2 DNA, so it does not measure HSV-1.