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Serum or plasma concentration of total bilirubin

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood, a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. It helps assess liver function and detect conditions like jaundice or bile duct blockages.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin levels can signal liver or bile system issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
26656-9
Short code
HTLV II Ab Ser Ql
Synonyms
HTLV II Ab Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Matters

Bilirubin is a byproduct of hemoglobin breakdown, which occurs naturally as red blood cells age and are removed from circulation. Normally, your liver processes and excretes bilirubin into bile for elimination. Elevated bilirubin can indicate problems like liver disease, gallbladder issues, or blood disorders.

How the Test Works

Your blood sample is analyzed to determine the total bilirubin concentration. The method typically involves chemical reactions that detect bilirubin’s presence and quantify it, often using colorimetric techniques to measure absorbance.

Common Conditions Affecting Results

High bilirubin levels (hyperbilirubinemia) may result from liver diseases (e.g., hepatitis), bile duct obstructions, or hemolytic anemia (rapid red blood cell destruction). Low levels are less common but may occur in rare genetic disorders or severe liver dysfunction.

Sample Preparation

This test uses either serum (blood after clotting) or plasma (blood after anticoagulant treatment). Avoid alcohol or certain medications (e.g., antibiotics) for 24 hours before testing, as they may affect results.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Total bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What does an abnormal result mean?
Elevated bilirubin often signals jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), but it can also indicate underlying liver or gallbladder problems. Your doctor will consider symptoms, medical history, and other test results to diagnose the cause.
How often should I get this test?
This test may be ordered periodically if you have liver disease, bile duct issues, or blood disorders. Follow your healthcare provider’s schedule—typically every few months or as needed for monitoring.
Can diet or supplements affect this test?
Yes, certain foods (e.g., cruciferous vegetables like broccoli) or supplements (e.g., vitamin E) may influence bilirubin indirectly. Avoid excessive alcohol or medications that impact liver function before testing.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy