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: HTLV-I/II Antibody, Serum, Qualitative

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

: This test looks for antibodies to human T-lymphotropic virus types I and II (HTLV-I/II) in a serum sample. Antibodies are proteins the immune system makes in response to an infection.

Quick summary

[": A positive result indicates exposure to HTLV-I or HTLV-II, but it does not by itself mean you have active disease."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
14220-8
Short code
HTLV I p28 Ab Ser Ql
Synonyms
HTLV I p28 Ab Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

: What This Test Measures

: The test detects antibodies that your body may produce against HTLV-I and HTLV-II. These viruses are retroviruses that can persist in the body for years. Because the test is qualitative, it reports whether antibodies are detected, not a specific amount.

: Why It May Be Ordered

: Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have risk factors for HTLV exposure, symptoms that could be related to the virus, or if you are donating blood or tissue. It may also be used to evaluate certain neurologic, blood, or inflammatory conditions.

: How the Sample Is Collected

: A small blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm and processed so that the serum portion can be tested. The procedure is quick and generally feels like a brief pinch.

: Understanding the Result

: A nonreactive (negative) result means antibodies were not detected. A reactive (positive) result usually leads to additional testing to confirm the finding and distinguish HTLV-I from HTLV-II. Results are interpreted together with your history, symptoms, and other tests.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

: HTLV Antibody

Frequently asked questions

: Does a positive HTLV antibody test mean I have a disease?
: No. A positive result shows exposure to the virus, and many people remain without symptoms. Your provider may recommend confirmatory testing and follow-up.
: Can HTLV be spread through casual contact?
: HTLV is not spread by hugging, sharing food, or other casual contact. It is transmitted through blood exposure, sexual contact, and from mother to child.
: What if my result is negative?
: A negative result generally means antibodies were not detected, but timing of exposure and individual immune response can affect results. Your provider will explain what the result means for your situation.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy