Serum/plasma protein electrophoresis with bromocresol green (BCG) staining

What This Test Measures

Protein electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands based on size and charge. Bromocresol green staining highlights specific protein groups, including albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. This helps detect abnormalities in protein composition, such as those seen in conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or certain immune disorders.

Common Uses

This test is primarily used to diagnose and monitor conditions that alter protein levels or patterns, such as: - Multiple myeloma (cancer of plasma cells) - Liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis) - Certain autoimmune diseases - Inflammatory conditions It may also be part of a broader evaluation for unexplained symptoms like fatigue, swelling, or abnormal lab results.

Sample Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The serum or plasma is then processed and analyzed in a laboratory using electrophoresis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on your specific test instructions.

Results Interpretation

Results show the relative amounts of different protein bands. Abnormal patterns may indicate: - Increased or decreased levels of specific proteins - Presence of abnormal proteins (e.g., monoclonal spikes in multiple myeloma) Your healthcare provider will interpret the results in the context of your overall health and symptoms.