Serum/plasma mass concentration of albumin (total protein-related, protein electrophoresis)

Why Albumin and Protein Fractions Matter

Albumin is one of the most abundant proteins in your blood and plays a critical role in keeping fluids where they need to be (like in your blood vessels) rather than leaking into tissues. Low albumin levels can signal problems like kidney disease, malnutrition, or liver issues. The other protein fractions (like globulins) help fight infections and transport substances like hormones and vitamins. Together, these measurements give doctors insight into how well your body is producing and balancing proteins.

How This Test Works

This test uses a technique called electrophoresis to separate different protein types in your blood sample. The sample is placed in an electric field, causing proteins to move at different speeds based on their size and charge. The result is a graph showing the distribution of these proteins, including albumin and other fractions. This helps identify any imbalances that might need further investigation.

What the Results Could Indicate

If your albumin levels are too low, it might mean your body isn’t making enough albumin, which could be due to liver disease, kidney problems, or poor nutrition. High levels of certain globulins might suggest chronic infections, inflammation, or autoimmune conditions. Doctors use these results to guide treatment plans, especially for conditions like kidney disease, liver disorders, or immune-related illnesses.

Common Conditions Monitored

Doctors often check albumin and protein fractions in people with kidney disease, liver problems, malnutrition, or chronic infections. These tests can also help monitor how well treatments are working for conditions like cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, or certain cancers.