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Serum or Plasma Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify patterns that may indicate conditions like kidney disease, liver problems, or certain cancers.

Quick summary

["Protein electrophoresis helps diagnose and monitor blood disorders by revealing abnormal protein distributions."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
18569-4
Short code
J Pnt ST Amp+80ms L-AVL
Synonyms
J Pnt ST Amp+80ms L-AVL
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ekg
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Are Measured?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into fractions based on their size and electrical charge. Key components include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal distributions may signal underlying health issues.

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors use this test to diagnose conditions such as multiple myeloma, lymphoma, kidney disease, or liver dysfunction. It may also help evaluate protein disorders or monitor treatment responses.

Sample Preparation and Testing Process

A blood sample is drawn, and the serum or plasma is separated. The sample is then placed in an electric field to separate proteins by their movement. Results are interpreted by comparing protein bands to a reference pattern.

Common Conditions Evaluated

Abnormal findings may include elevated or low levels of specific protein fractions, which can indicate conditions like monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), inflammatory diseases, or hereditary protein disorders.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test show?
It shows the relative amounts of different protein groups in your blood, helping identify patterns that may point to conditions like cancer, kidney or liver disease, or immune disorders.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times and your healthcare provider’s workflow.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
No special preparation is needed, but avoid alcohol or certain medications that may affect protein levels for 24 hours before testing, as advised by your doctor.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy