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Bilirubin, Total (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down, and it helps your liver process waste products.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps diagnose liver and bile duct issues, including jaundice and gallbladder problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
73950-8
Short code
JWH-250 Bld Ql
Synonyms
JWH-250 Bld Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for liver disease, such as hepatitis or cirrhosis, blockages in the bile ducts, or conditions like Gilbert’s syndrome, which cause mild bilirubin buildup. It can also help monitor treatment progress or detect red blood cell disorders.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood. If you’re on blood thinners or have a history of bleeding issues, let your provider know.

What to Expect During the Test

The blood sample is taken from a vein in your arm. You might feel a slight pinch, but it usually takes only a few minutes. The test itself involves sending the sample to a lab for analysis.

Possible Results and Their Meaning

Higher than normal levels may indicate liver problems, bile duct blockages, or hemolysis (red blood cell destruction). Lower levels are less common but could suggest liver disease or certain genetic conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Elevated bilirubin is often the first sign of liver or bile duct issues, such as jaundice (yellowing of skin/eyes), gallstones, or liver infections. It can also signal conditions like hemolytic anemia or metabolic disorders. Low levels are less frequently evaluated but may warrant further investigation if unexplained.

Short name

Total Serum Bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What causes elevated bilirubin?
Elevated bilirubin can result from liver disease, bile duct blockages (e.g., gallstones), or increased red blood cell breakdown. Conditions like hepatitis, cirrhosis, or genetic disorders (e.g., Crigler-Najjar syndrome) may also play a role.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on your lab’s processing time. Your provider will discuss them with you during your follow-up visit.
Can diet affect bilirubin levels?
Diet alone rarely affects bilirubin levels, but certain foods (e.g., high-fiber or cruciferous vegetables) may influence liver function indirectly. Avoid alcohol or medications that could impact liver health before testing if advised by your provider.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy