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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and electrical charge.

Quick summary

["This test helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other protein disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
6786-8
Short code
Kappa LC Ur Ql Elph
Synonyms
Kappa LC Ur Ql Elph
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Ref low
7.35
Ref high
7.45
Critical range
7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into bands based on their electrical charge and molecular weight. The test detects variations in protein levels, such as albumin, globulins, and other fractions, which can indicate underlying health issues.

Common Uses and Indications

Doctors may order this test when symptoms like fatigue, unexplained weight loss, or swollen lymph nodes suggest conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or liver/kidney disease. It’s also used for monitoring protein disorders or evaluating conditions affecting protein synthesis.

How the Test Works

A small blood sample is drawn and placed in a gel or paper medium. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to migrate toward the positive electrode. After separation, the bands are stained to visualize protein distribution.

Preparation and Procedure

No special preparation is needed, but fasting may not be required. A needle is used to draw blood from a vein, typically in your arm. The sample is then sent to a lab for analysis.

Reference range

NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A

Specimen: urine

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Qualitative Serum Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why might I need this test?
Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, frequent infections, or signs of organ dysfunction, or if they suspect a protein-related disorder.
What does a 'qualitative' result mean?
A qualitative result provides a visual band pattern rather than exact measurements. It helps identify if protein levels are abnormal but does not give precise numbers for each protein type.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 1–3 business days, depending on lab processing times.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy