Acetone in Urine (Mass Concentration)

Why This Test Is Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like excessive thirst, frequent urination, nausea, or unexplained weight loss. It’s also used to monitor people with diabetes, especially those with poor blood sugar control, or those following a very low-carb diet.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll provide a urine sample, typically collected in the morning. If you’re on a low-carb diet or have diabetes, your provider may ask you to stop certain medications or follow specific instructions beforehand.

What the Results Mean

Positive results (presence of acetone) suggest your body is breaking down fats excessively, which can occur in diabetes, starvation, or prolonged fasting. However, acetone in urine alone isn’t diagnostic—it’s often checked alongside blood glucose levels.

Common Causes of Positive Results

Conditions like type 1 or type 2 diabetes (especially when blood sugar is very high), starvation, severe dehydration, or eating disorders (e.g., anorexia) can lead to acetone in urine. Rarely, it may also appear in people with metabolic disorders or after consuming certain medications.