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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
6790-0
Short code
Lambda LC Ur Ql Elph
Synonyms
Lambda LC Ur Ql Elph
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Ref low
7.35
Ref high
7.45
Critical range
7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands, each representing different protein groups. Key zones include albumin, alpha globulins, beta globulins, and gamma globulins. Abnormal bands or shifts may signal underlying health issues.

Common Uses and Why It Matters

This test is often used to diagnose conditions affecting protein production, such as infections, cancers (like multiple myeloma), or liver/kidney diseases. It helps assess protein balance and detect unusual protein spikes or deficiencies.

Sample Preparation and Testing Process

A blood sample is drawn, and serum (liquid part of blood after clotting) is prepared for testing. The serum is placed in an electric field to separate proteins, visualized on a gel, and analyzed for patterns.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but inform your provider about medications (e.g., blood thinners) or recent illnesses that could affect results. Avoid fasting unless instructed.

Reference range

NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A

Specimen: urine

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

Why might I need this test?
Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, frequent infections, or signs of organ dysfunction. It’s also used as part of routine monitoring for certain diseases.
What do abnormal results mean?
Abnormal results could point to conditions like protein disorders, infections, or cancers. Your provider will discuss findings with you and may recommend further testing or follow-up.
Can I prepare for this test differently?
No special preparation is needed, but always follow your provider’s instructions. If you’re on blood-thinning medications, let your provider know before the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy