Total Cholesterol with High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Subtotal (Serum)

Why This Test Matters

Cholesterol is a fat-like substance your body needs for normal function, but having too much can build up in your arteries, increasing your risk of heart problems. HDL cholesterol helps remove other cholesterol from your bloodstream. This test helps doctors evaluate your overall cholesterol levels and identify potential risks for cardiovascular disease.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood. If you’re fasting, your doctor will likely tell you to avoid eating or drinking (except water) for 8–12 hours before the test. Fasting may be required for more accurate results.

What the Results Mean

Your results will show your total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels. While specific ranges vary by lab, higher total cholesterol or lower HDL levels may signal a higher risk for heart disease. Your doctor will interpret these results in the context of your overall health, including other factors like diet, exercise, and family history.

Common Causes of Abnormal Results

Elevated total cholesterol or low HDL levels can be caused by diet high in saturated fats, lack of physical activity, genetics, or certain medical conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypothyroidism). Smoking, obesity, and high blood pressure may also play a role. Lifestyle changes, medications, or medical treatments can help manage these levels.