Protein Electrophoresis, Serum (Qualitative or Semi-Quantitative)
This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and electrical charge. It helps identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems.
["Electrophoresis helps doctors spot unusual protein patterns that could signal serious health concerns."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 69579-1
- Short code
- Local PFGE event Islt
- Synonyms
- Local PFGE event Islt
- Category
- coagulation
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 44
- Ref high
- 147
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- CPT
- 84075
- SNOMED
- 27550007
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Is Protein Electrophoresis Used For?
Protein electrophoresis is primarily used to diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein levels in the blood. It can help identify issues like abnormal protein production (such as monoclonal gammopathies), liver or kidney dysfunction, or certain types of cancers like multiple myeloma.
How Is This Test Performed?
A blood sample is drawn from your arm and sent to a lab. The serum is placed in an electric field, causing proteins to move toward opposite charges. After separation, the proteins are stained and visualized to create a pattern that doctors analyze.
What Does the Test Result Mean?
Results show distinct bands representing different protein groups. Abnormal patterns (e.g., extra bands, missing bands, or skewed peaks) may indicate underlying health issues. Your doctor will interpret the results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
Common Conditions Linked to Protein Electrophoresis
This test is often used to detect conditions like multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), Waldenström macroglobulinemia (a rare blood disorder), liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis), or kidney disease (e.g., nephrotic syndrome). It may also help monitor treatment progress in these cases.
Reference range
Adult: 44-147 U/LN/A
No special preparation required. Avoid fatty meals before the test if possible.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Protein electrophoresis is a key diagnostic tool for identifying abnormal protein patterns that can signal serious conditions. It helps doctors track disease progression, response to treatment, or underlying metabolic disorders by revealing imbalances in blood proteins.
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
Why might my doctor order this test?
What should I expect during the test?
Are there any risks or side effects?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy