Serum or plasma mass concentration of total protein (electrophoresis-based)

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test to check for conditions affecting protein levels, such as kidney disease (e.g., nephrotic syndrome), liver disease, malnutrition, or dehydration. It can also help monitor chronic conditions like heart failure or certain cancers.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the test if your lab uses a specific method. Avoid heavy meals or alcohol to ensure accurate results. Tell your provider about any medications you’re taking, as some may affect protein levels.

What Happens During the Test?

A small blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm. The blood is sent to a lab where it’s analyzed using electrophoresis (a technique that separates proteins by size and charge). The results are reported as a total protein concentration in grams per deciliter (g/dL).

What Do the Results Mean?

Results are compared to a general reference range (typically 6.4–8.3 g/dL for adults), but individual ranges may vary by lab. Low protein levels may indicate malnutrition, liver or kidney disease, or excessive fluid loss. High levels could suggest dehydration, multiple myeloma, or severe liver disease.