Lymphocyte count in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by manual cell differential
This test measures the number of white blood cells called lymphocytes in your cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which is the fluid surrounding your brain and spinal cord. It helps assess for inflammation or infection in the central nervous system.
["Lymphocytes in CSF can signal potential infections, inflammation, or other neurological conditions."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 10328-3
- Short code
- Lymphocytes NFr CSF Manual
- Synonyms
- Lymphocytes NFr CSF Manual
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- csf
- Container
- Sterile tube
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- manual-count
- Specimen volume
- 1-2 mL
- Stability
- Immediate analysis required, Refrigerated: 1h
- Hemolysis max
- 200
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
Why is this test done?
Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like headaches, neck stiffness, fever, confusion, or neurological issues that could indicate a problem in your brain or spinal cord. It’s often used alongside other tests to diagnose conditions such as meningitis, encephalitis, or certain types of brain tumors.
What does a high or low lymphocyte count mean?
A higher-than-normal lymphocyte count in CSF may suggest an infection (like bacterial or viral meningitis), autoimmune diseases, or certain cancers. A lower-than-normal count might indicate conditions like Guillain-Barré syndrome, multiple sclerosis, or other inflammatory or degenerative diseases of the nervous system.
How is the test performed?
A small amount of CSF is collected through a procedure called a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). The fluid is then examined under a microscope to count the lymphocytes among other white blood cells. This manual method provides detailed differentiation of cell types.
What preparation is needed?
No special preparation is typically required, but you may need to avoid certain medications or activities that could affect the results. Your doctor will provide specific instructions if this test is part of a larger diagnostic workup.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Elevated lymphocyte counts in CSF are often associated with chronic inflammatory or infectious processes in the central nervous system. For example, a high lymphocyte percentage may be seen in conditions like multiple sclerosis, Lyme disease, or certain types of brain tumors. Conversely, very low counts could suggest conditions like acute meningitis or other neurological disorders that deplete immune cells in the CSF. Always discuss your results with your healthcare provider for an accurate interpretation.
Short name
CSF Lymphocyte Count
Frequently asked questions
What causes changes in CSF lymphocyte levels?
How long does it take to get results?
Can lifestyle changes affect this test?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy