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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood, helping identify abnormalities in protein distribution that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems.

Quick summary

["This simple blood test can reveal hidden protein imbalances that might not show up in routine blood work."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
111980-9
Short code
Macro class of rly cncr Blry tr Endscpy
Synonyms
Macro class of rly cncr Blry tr Endscpy
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
endoscopy
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Your blood contains several types of proteins, including albumin, globulins (such as immunoglobulins), and other fractions. The electrophoresis process separates these proteins based on size and charge, allowing for detailed analysis of each component’s concentration.

Why Might Your Doctor Order This Test?

Doctors may recommend this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or chronic liver/kidney disease. It can also help monitor treatment progress for certain conditions.

How Is This Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn from your arm and placed in a gel-like medium. An electric current is applied, causing proteins to move toward opposite ends of the gel. After separation, the gel is stained to visualize each protein band.

What Could Abnormal Results Indicate?

Abnormal patterns may show spikes (e.g., monoclonal proteins) suggesting conditions like multiple myeloma, or shifts in albumin/globulin ratios that could indicate liver, kidney, or inflammatory diseases.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)

Frequently asked questions

What does a ‘spike’ or ‘band’ on the electrophoresis result mean?
A spike or distinct band often indicates an abnormal protein, such as a monoclonal protein (seen in multiple myeloma) or other unusual patterns that may need further investigation, including follow-up tests or biopsies.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on your lab’s processing time. Your doctor will discuss the findings with you during your follow-up visit.
Can I eat or drink anything before this test?
No special preparation is needed for this test. However, inform your doctor about any medications you’re taking, as some may affect protein levels.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy