Protein Electrophoresis on Serum/Plasma (Qualitative or Semi-Quantitative)

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins based on their size and electrical charge. Common protein bands include albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal patterns may indicate conditions affecting protein synthesis, storage, or breakdown.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if they suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress in certain diseases.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn, and the serum or plasma is placed in an electric field. Proteins migrate toward the opposite charge, creating distinct bands that can be analyzed qualitatively (qualitative) or semi-quantitatively (with approximate measurements).

What Does the Test Result Mean?

Results show the distribution of protein bands. For example, an abnormal spike in one band (e.g., M-spike) may suggest multiple myeloma, while altered albumin/globulin ratios could indicate liver or kidney issues. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.