Skip to content

Hemoglobin concentration (mass concentration) in whole blood

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test measures the amount of hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout your body.

Quick summary

["Hemoglobin helps ensure your tissues get enough oxygen, so this test can help diagnose or monitor conditions affecting red blood cells or blood flow."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
47279-5
Short code
MCHC RBC BldCo-EntMCnc
Synonyms
MCHC RBC BldCo-EntMCnc
Category
hematology
Sample
whole-blood
Container
Lavender-top (EDTA)
Units
N/A
Ref low
4.2
Ref high
5.9
Critical range
2 N/A – 7 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
CPT
85041
SNOMED
900000000000003001
Specimen volume
3 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors may order this test to check for anemia (low hemoglobin), polycythemia (high hemoglobin), or other blood-related conditions. It’s also used during pregnancy, before surgeries, or if you have symptoms like fatigue, pale skin, or shortness of breath.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll typically have a small needle inserted into your arm or hand to draw a blood sample. It usually takes a few minutes, and you may feel a slight pinch. No special preparation is needed unless your doctor instructs otherwise.

What the Results Mean

Hemoglobin levels vary by age, sex, and health status. Your doctor will compare your results to standard ranges and discuss them with you based on your overall health. Very low or very high levels may signal underlying issues.

Common Conditions Linked to Hemoglobin Levels

Low hemoglobin might indicate anemia (e.g., from iron deficiency, blood loss, or chronic illness), while high levels could suggest conditions like polycythemia or dehydration. Your doctor will consider other symptoms and tests for a full diagnosis.

Reference range

Adult males: 4.2-5.9; Females: 3.8-5.1 x 10^12/LN/A

Specimen: whole-blood

No special preparation required. Stay well hydrated.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

Hemoglobin (Hb) level

Frequently asked questions

What causes hemoglobin levels to change?
Hemoglobin levels can drop due to blood loss (e.g., from injuries or heavy periods), poor nutrition (e.g., low iron or vitamin B12), or conditions like kidney disease or autoimmune disorders. They may rise from conditions like dehydration, living at high altitudes, or certain cancers.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your health status. For example, pregnant women, people with anemia, or those undergoing treatment for blood disorders may need it more frequently. Follow-up tests are usually scheduled as recommended.
Can lifestyle changes affect hemoglobin levels?
Yes! Eating iron-rich foods (like lean meats, spinach, or fortified cereals), staying hydrated, and avoiding smoking can help maintain healthy hemoglobin levels. If you suspect diet or lifestyle is causing issues, talk to your doctor about adjustments.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy