Total Melanin Concentration (Serum/Plasma)

What Is Melanin and Why Does It Matter?

Melanin is a natural pigment produced by cells called melanocytes. It plays a role in protecting skin from UV radiation by absorbing some of the sun’s harmful rays. While most people associate melanin with skin tone, it also affects hair and eye color. Elevated or altered melanin levels can sometimes indicate conditions like Addison’s disease (adrenal insufficiency) or certain skin disorders, though this test alone is not diagnostic for these conditions.

How Is This Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is then processed to separate serum or plasma, where melanin levels are measured using a specialized laboratory technique. Results are reported as a concentration value, though exact reference ranges vary by lab.

When Might You Need This Test?

This test may be ordered as part of a broader evaluation for conditions affecting pigmentation, such as hyperpigmentation, hypopigmentation, or suspected adrenal disorders. It is sometimes used in research or specialized clinical settings to monitor melanin-related changes.

What Do the Results Mean?

Results are interpreted by your healthcare provider based on your clinical context. Elevated or low melanin levels may warrant further investigation, including additional tests or consultations with a specialist.