Skip to content

Serum or Plasma Protein Electrophoresis with Bromocresol Green (BCG) Dye Binding Assay

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood, often used to check for conditions affecting protein balance, such as kidney disease or certain cancers.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal underlying health issues."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
72868-3
Short code
M leprae folP1 dap res mut Islt/Spm Ql
Synonyms
M leprae folP1 dap res mut Islt/Spm Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
molgen
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into fractions based on size and charge. The BCG dye binding method detects protein concentrations in each fraction, including albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. This helps assess overall protein distribution and identify potential abnormalities.

Why Might You Need This Test?

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like swelling, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, or if tests suggest conditions like multiple myeloma, kidney disease, or liver problems. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress for certain disorders.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn and sent to a lab. The serum or plasma is placed in an electric field to separate proteins by size. The BCG dye binds to proteins, and the resulting color intensity indicates protein concentration in each fraction.

What Does the Result Mean?

Results show protein distribution across fractions. Abnormal patterns (e.g., high or low levels in specific fractions) may indicate conditions like protein-losing syndromes, infections, or inherited disorders. Your provider will interpret results in context with your symptoms and other tests.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: This test is critical for diagnosing and managing conditions that alter protein synthesis, transport, or breakdown. For example, it can reveal monoclonal gammopathy (seen in multiple myeloma) or detect subtle protein abnormalities in chronic diseases like kidney failure.

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis (BCG)

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test check for?
This test checks for abnormal protein patterns in your blood, which can signal conditions like cancer (e.g., multiple myeloma), kidney or liver disease, or inherited protein disorders. It helps identify imbalances in protein fractions that may not be detected by standard blood tests alone.
How often should I get this test?
Frequency depends on your health needs. Your doctor may recommend it once or multiple times if you have symptoms, a known condition affecting proteins, or if you’re under treatment for a disorder like cancer or kidney disease. Follow-up tests are often scheduled based on your treatment plan.
Can diet or medications affect protein electrophoresis results?
Yes, certain foods (e.g., high-protein diets) or medications (e.g., steroids, chemotherapy) may influence protein levels. Always inform your provider about all medications, supplements, or recent dietary changes before or after the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy