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Methylmalonic Acid (Serum/Plasma) with Quantitative Limit

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the level of methylmalonic acid (MMA) in your blood, which helps identify conditions affecting vitamin B12 or folate metabolism.

Quick summary

["MMA levels can signal vitamin deficiencies or genetic disorders that may require medical attention."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
81691-8
Short code
MLH-1 Ag Ca spec Ql ImStn
Synonyms
MLH-1 Ag Ca spec Ql ImStn
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
1.5
Ref high
9
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
immune-stain
CPT
83002
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, weakness, or neurological issues, or if you have conditions like pernicious anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, or unexplained metabolic problems. It may also be part of screening for inherited disorders like methylmalonic aciduria.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is usually needed, but you may be asked to fast for 8–12 hours before the draw if instructed. Bring your lab results and any medications you’re taking to your appointment.

What the Test Involves

A healthcare professional will collect a blood sample from a vein in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it typically doesn’t cause discomfort. The sample is sent to a lab for analysis.

What the Results Mean

High MMA levels may indicate vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, certain genetic disorders, or kidney disease. Low levels are less common but could signal rare metabolic issues. Your provider will discuss results in the context of your overall health.

Reference range

Follicular: 1.5-9.0 mIU/mLN/A

Specimen: serum

For females: inform if menstrual cycle status. For certain tests, timing within menstrual cycle may matter.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

MMA (Serum/Plasma)

Frequently asked questions

What causes elevated MMA levels?
Elevated MMA is often linked to vitamin B12 or folate deficiencies, congenital disorders (like methylmalonic aciduria), or conditions affecting how your body processes certain nutrients. Chronic kidney disease may also play a role.
How is MMA tested?
MMA is measured using a specialized immunoassay or chromatography method to detect its concentration in your serum or plasma. The test is highly sensitive and precise for diagnostic purposes.
Can diet affect MMA levels?
Diet alone typically doesn’t change MMA levels, but deficiencies in vitamin B12 or folate (common in poor diets or malabsorption) can lead to elevated MMA. Follow your provider’s advice on dietary supplements if recommended.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy