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Monocyte and Macrophage Cell Count (with Differential Analysis) from Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of immune cells—specifically monocytes and macrophages—found in the airways after a bronchoscopy procedure. It helps assess inflammation or infection in the lungs.

Quick summary

["This test can help diagnose or monitor lung conditions like infections, inflammation, or lung diseases."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
32833-6
Short code
Monos+Macros NFr Bronch
Synonyms
Monos+Macros NFr Bronch
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if they suspect an infection, such as pneumonia, or if you have symptoms like persistent cough, shortness of breath, or unexplained lung issues. It’s also used in research or clinical trials involving lung health.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll undergo a bronchoscopy, where a thin tube with a camera is inserted through your nose or mouth into your airways. A small amount of fluid is collected from your lungs. You may feel discomfort but should not experience pain. Follow any pre-test instructions, such as fasting if required.

What the Test Results Mean

Higher-than-normal counts of monocytes and macrophages may indicate inflammation, infection, or other lung conditions. Lower-than-normal counts could suggest immune system issues or certain lung diseases. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your overall health and symptoms.

Common Conditions This Test Helps Diagnose

This test is often used to diagnose or evaluate conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), cystic fibrosis, or lung infections such as tuberculosis or fungal infections.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Understanding the Role of Immune Cells in the Lungs

Short name

Bronchial Lavage Cell Count

Frequently asked questions

Why might my doctor want to check these cells specifically from my lung fluid?
Your doctor may focus on these cells because they provide detailed insight into the type and severity of lung inflammation or infection. For example, elevated macrophages might suggest chronic lung damage, while increased monocytes could indicate an ongoing immune response.
What does it mean if my test results show a high or low count of these cells?
High counts could signal inflammation, infection, or other lung conditions, while low counts might raise questions about immune function or specific lung diseases. Your doctor will discuss these findings with you based on your symptoms and medical history.
Can I prepare for this test in any special way?
Generally, no special preparation is needed beyond following any general instructions from your healthcare provider, such as avoiding certain medications or fasting if required. The procedure itself is usually done under sedation to minimize discomfort.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy