Serum Macromolecular Protein Electrophoresis (Manual Zone Electrophoresis)
This test measures the distribution of different protein fractions in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and charge. It helps identify abnormalities in protein patterns, which can indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, amyloidosis, or other disorders affecting protein synthesis.
["This test helps doctors assess protein balance in your blood and spot potential blood disorders."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 32027-5
- Short code
- Monos+Macros NFr Pcar Manual
- Synonyms
- Monos+Macros NFr Pcar Manual
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- manual-count
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What Does This Test Measure?
Electrophoresis separates proteins into distinct zones (e.g., albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins) based on their electrical charge and size. Manual zone electrophoresis is a traditional method where proteins migrate through a gel under an electric field, creating visible bands that reflect protein concentration differences.
Why Might You Need This Test?
Doctors may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or abnormal lab results (e.g., high or low protein levels). It’s also used in diagnosing conditions like multiple myeloma, where abnormal protein production (e.g., monoclonal gammopathy) can appear as distinct bands on the electrophoresis pattern.
Sample Collection and Preparation
A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The serum is separated from blood cells by centrifugation and prepared for analysis. Manual electrophoresis involves applying the serum to a gel and applying an electric current to separate proteins into visible bands for interpretation.
What to Expect Before the Test
No special preparation is usually needed, but inform your healthcare provider about any medications or conditions that could affect protein levels (e.g., liver disease, kidney disease, or chronic infections). Avoid strenuous activity 24 hours before the test if instructed.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Abnormal electrophoresis patterns can reveal underlying conditions such as monoclonal gammopathy (e.g., multiple myeloma), where a single type of protein (e.g., immunoglobulin) dominates. Reduced albumin levels may indicate liver disease or malnutrition, while increased gamma-globulins could suggest chronic inflammation or autoimmune disorders. Clinicians use these findings to guide treatment decisions or monitor disease progression.
Short name
Macromolecule Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
How Long Does It Take to Get Results?
What Are Common Causes of Abnormal Results?
Can This Test Be Done at Home?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy