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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test measures the different types of proteins in your blood using electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge.

Quick summary

["Helps identify abnormal protein patterns that may signal conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
56766-9
Short code
M Protein 1 MFr SerPl Elph
Synonyms
M Protein 1 MFr SerPl Elph
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
7.35
Ref high
7.45
Critical range
7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands, each representing different protein groups (e.g., albumin, globulins, and other fractions). The test helps detect imbalances that can indicate underlying health issues.

Why It’s Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test to diagnose or monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, chronic liver disease, kidney disease, or certain autoimmune disorders. It can also help assess protein disorders or evaluate symptoms like swelling or fatigue.

Sample Collection

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The sample is then processed in a lab to separate proteins for analysis. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on your specific test instructions.

What to Expect

The blood draw typically takes a few minutes. You may feel slight discomfort, but most people tolerate it well. Results are usually available within a few days, depending on lab processing times.

Reference range

NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What causes abnormal protein levels in this test?
Abnormal results may be linked to conditions like multiple myeloma, liver or kidney disease, infections, autoimmune disorders, or certain genetic disorders. Your doctor will review your full medical history and other test results to determine the cause.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 2–5 business days, depending on your lab’s processing schedule. Your doctor will contact you once results are ready.
Do I need to fast for this test?
No fasting is required for this test, but your doctor may provide specific instructions based on your individual situation. Always follow their guidance.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy