Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)
This test measures the types and amounts of proteins in your blood using gel electrophoresis, a method that separates proteins based on size and charge. It helps identify patterns that may indicate conditions like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or other protein disorders.
["This test helps doctors diagnose and monitor conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 99599-3
- Short code
- M Protein 1 MFr Ur Elph
- Synonyms
- M Protein 1 MFr Ur Elph
- Category
- chemistry
- Sample
- urine
- Container
- Sterile urine container
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 7.35
- Ref high
- 7.45
- Critical range
- 7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- electrophoresis
- Specimen volume
- 10 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 0
- Lipemia max
- 0
- Icterus max
- 0
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
What This Test Measures
Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands, each representing different protein groups (e.g., albumin, globulins, including immunoglobulins). The test provides a qualitative profile of these components, often used to detect abnormalities in protein distribution.
How the Test Works
A small blood sample is drawn and mixed with a buffer solution. The mixture is then applied to a gel and subjected to an electric current, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite charge. After separation, the gel is stained to visualize protein bands.
Common Uses
This test is commonly used to diagnose conditions such as multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), systemic lupus erythematosus, or other autoimmune diseases. It may also help evaluate liver or kidney function indirectly by assessing protein synthesis and breakdown.
Preparation and Procedure
No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on additional tests. A blood sample is collected from a vein, typically in the arm, and sent to the lab for analysis.
Reference range
NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A
No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
◆Associated findings1
Short name
Protein Electrophoresis
Frequently asked questions
Why might my doctor order this test?
What does an abnormal result mean?
How often is this test repeated?
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy