Urinalysis with Protein Electrophoresis (Mass Concentration)

Why Is This Test Done?

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like foamy urine, swelling, or if they suspect conditions like kidney disease, multiple myeloma, or other protein-related disorders. It’s also used to screen for hidden protein loss in urine that might not be obvious otherwise.

How Is the Test Performed?

A urine sample is collected, typically in the morning, and sent to a lab. The sample undergoes electrophoresis, where proteins are separated into distinct bands based on their molecular weight and electrical charge. The mass concentration of each protein band is then measured.

What Does the Test Result Mean?

Results show patterns of protein bands, which can indicate normal protein distribution or abnormal patterns (e.g., spikes in certain proteins). For example, a prominent spike in a specific band may suggest a condition like multiple myeloma or kidney disease. Your results will be interpreted by a healthcare provider in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Common Conditions Monitored or Diagnosed

This test is particularly useful for diagnosing or monitoring conditions such as nephrotic syndrome (a kidney disorder causing excessive protein loss), multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), and certain types of kidney disease. It can also help identify hidden proteinuria in people with no obvious symptoms.