Serum Protein Electrophoresis with Bromocresol Purple Staining

What Is Electrophoresis Used For?

Electrophoresis is primarily used to analyze protein profiles in the blood. It can reveal whether certain proteins are elevated or missing, which may point to conditions such as protein disorders, infections, or metabolic issues. This test is often part of a broader evaluation for conditions like multiple myeloma, where abnormal protein clumps (Bence Jones proteins) are common.

How Is the Sample Collected?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate the serum (the liquid part after clotting) for testing. No special preparation is needed, but you may want to avoid eating or drinking for a few hours before the test if instructed by your healthcare provider.

What Does the Test Measure?

The test separates proteins into bands based on their electrical charge and size. Common proteins analyzed include albumin, globulins (such as immunoglobulins), and other fractions. The results help determine if there are unusual concentrations of specific proteins that may require further investigation.

What Are Common Findings?

Abnormal findings might include elevated levels of certain globulins (e.g., monoclonal proteins in multiple myeloma), reduced albumin, or unusual bands that suggest metabolic or immune system issues. These patterns can guide further testing or treatment planning.