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Serum Protein Electrophoresis with Bromocresol Green (BCG) Staining

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood serum using electrophoresis and a dye called bromocresol green to help identify abnormalities in protein patterns.

Quick summary

["This test helps diagnose conditions affecting protein levels or distribution in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
75517-3
Short code
M Protein 4 24h Ur Elph-mRate
Synonyms
M Protein 4 24h Ur Elph-mRate
Category
chemistry
Sample
urine
Container
Sterile urine container
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
Specimen volume
10 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 2h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
0
Lipemia max
0
Icterus max
0
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates proteins based on size and electrical charge. Bromocresol green binds to proteins, allowing for visual differentiation of protein fractions (e.g., albumin, globulins) on a gel. This method helps detect shifts in protein composition that may indicate diseases like multiple myeloma, liver disease, or kidney problems.

Why It’s Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if they suspect conditions like chronic inflammation, infections, or certain cancers that alter protein levels.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm. The serum is separated from blood cells and prepared for electrophoresis. The BCG dye helps highlight specific protein bands for analysis.

Interpreting Results

Results show the relative amounts of different proteins, including albumin and globulins. Abnormal patterns may indicate low albumin (e.g., liver/kidney disease), high or unusual globulins (e.g., multiple myeloma), or other protein abnormalities.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

This test is critical for diagnosing and monitoring conditions such as multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), chronic liver disease, kidney disease, or autoimmune disorders. It helps assess protein metabolism and identify systemic issues affecting blood composition.

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis (BCG)

Frequently asked questions

What does a high or low protein band mean?
High or low levels of specific protein bands can signal underlying health issues. For example, elevated monoclonal proteins may point to multiple myeloma, while reduced albumin could indicate liver or kidney dysfunction. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times. Follow-up with your healthcare provider is needed to discuss findings and next steps.
Can diet affect this test?
Dietary changes may indirectly influence protein levels, but they are less likely to alter electrophoresis patterns significantly. Avoiding excessive protein intake or certain medications (e.g., steroids) may be advised by your provider before testing.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy