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Serum Protein Electrophoresis (SPE) with Bromocresol Green Staining

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 17, 2026

This test measures the distribution of different protein types in your blood serum using electrophoresis, a technique that separates proteins based on size and charge. The bromocresol green dye helps identify specific protein fractions, including albumin and globulins.

Quick summary

["Helps diagnose conditions affecting protein balance in your blood."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 17, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
50793-9
Short code
M Protein 4 MFr SerPl Elph
Synonyms
M Protein 4 MFr SerPl Elph
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Ref low
7.35
Ref high
7.45
Critical range
7.2 N/A – 7.6 N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
electrophoresis
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Electrophoresis splits blood proteins into distinct bands, each representing a group of proteins with similar electrical charges. Key fractions include albumin (the most abundant protein, typically appearing as the first band) and globulins (divided into alpha, beta, and gamma globulins). The bromocresol green stain highlights these fractions for closer analysis, aiding in identifying abnormalities in protein composition.

Why Might You Need This Test?

This test is often used to detect conditions such as multiple myeloma, liver disease, kidney disease, or certain autoimmune disorders. It can also help monitor treatment responses in patients with chronic conditions affecting protein levels.

Common Conditions Evaluated

Abnormal protein patterns may indicate issues like an overproduction of certain proteins (e.g., monoclonal gammopathy in multiple myeloma), reduced albumin levels (common in liver or kidney disease), or elevated globulin fractions (linked to inflammation or immune system disorders).

Sample Preparation and Testing Process

A blood sample is drawn, and the serum is separated and prepared for electrophoresis. The sample is then placed in an electric field, causing proteins to migrate toward the opposite charge. The bromocresol green stain helps visualize protein bands, which are analyzed to determine their relative concentrations.

Reference range

NCBI: pH 7.35-7.45N/A

Specimen: serum

No special preparation usually required. Stay well hydrated. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications and supplements you are taking.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: This test plays a critical role in diagnosing and managing conditions that alter protein synthesis, degradation, or distribution. For example, abnormal bands may signal malignancies like plasma cell disorders, chronic liver disease, or inflammatory states. Early detection can guide treatment decisions and monitor disease progression.

Short name

Protein Electrophoresis

Frequently asked questions

What does a protein electrophoresis test show?
It shows the distribution of different protein types in your blood, including albumin and globulins, and can reveal unusual patterns that may indicate underlying health issues such as cancer, liver disease, or immune disorders.
How long does it take to get results from this test?
Results are typically available within 24 to 48 hours, depending on lab processing times and any follow-up analysis required.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
You can eat and drink normally before this test unless your healthcare provider specifies otherwise. No special preparation is needed beyond the standard fasting guidelines for other blood tests if applicable.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 17, 2026. · Read our editorial policy