Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Qualitative)

What Does This Test Measure?

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins into distinct bands based on their size and electrical charge. This creates a profile of your albumin, globulins (including immunoglobulins), and other proteins. Each band represents a different protein group, allowing for detailed analysis of protein distribution.

Why Might You Need This Test?

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions affecting protein levels, such as multiple myeloma, lymphoma, kidney disease, or liver disorders. It may also help evaluate protein malnutrition or track responses to treatments.

Sample Collection and Preparation

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate the serum (liquid part without clots) for testing. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised depending on your doctor’s instructions.

What Are Common Findings?

Abnormal patterns may show increased or decreased levels of specific proteins. For example, a spike in certain globulins might suggest immune system disorders, while low albumin could indicate malnutrition or organ dysfunction. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your overall health.