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Methylmalonic Acid in Serum/Plasma (24-hour urine collection)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the presence of methylmalonic acid, a breakdown product of certain amino acids, to help assess how well your body is processing nutrients and producing energy.

Quick summary

["High levels may signal vitamin B12 or folate deficiencies or metabolic disorders."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
24936-7
Short code
MR C-spine W anesthesia
Synonyms
MR C-spine W anesthesia
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
mr
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like fatigue, weakness, or neurological issues, or if they suspect conditions like vitamin B12 deficiency, pernicious anemia, or mitochondrial disorders. It’s also used to monitor metabolic conditions or evaluate unexplained metabolic acidosis.

What to Expect Before the Test

For the urine test, you’ll collect all urine for a full 24-hour period. For the serum/plasma test, a blood sample is drawn from a vein. Follow any specific instructions your lab provides, such as fasting or avoiding certain foods.

How the Test Works

The test detects methylmalonic acid levels in your urine (24-hour collection) or blood serum/plasma. Elevated levels often indicate impaired metabolism of amino acids, which can stem from vitamin deficiencies or genetic disorders.

Common Conditions Monitored

High MMA levels are linked to vitamin B12 or folate deficiencies, congenital disorders of amino acid metabolism, or conditions affecting mitochondrial function. Low levels may suggest normal metabolism or other underlying issues.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

MMA Urine (24h)

Frequently asked questions

What might cause elevated MMA levels in my urine or blood?
Elevated MMA can result from vitamin B12 or folate deficiencies, genetic metabolic disorders (like methylmalonic aciduria), or conditions affecting how your body breaks down certain amino acids. Chronic kidney disease or certain medications may also play a role.
How long will it take to get my results?
Results typically arrive within 1–3 business days, depending on your lab’s processing time. Your doctor will discuss the findings with you during your follow-up visit.
Can I eat or drink anything before the urine collection?
For the urine test, you’ll need to collect all urine over 24 hours, including at night. Drink plenty of water to ensure adequate urine volume, but avoid excessive caffeine or alcohol, as they may affect results. Follow your lab’s specific instructions for the most accurate results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy