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Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) Total

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in your blood. PSA is a protein produced by both healthy and diseased prostate tissue.

Quick summary

["PSA levels help assess prostate health and guide decisions about further testing or treatment."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
30675-3
Short code
MR Prostate
Synonyms
MR Prostate
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
mr
CPT
86592
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order a PSA test to monitor prostate health, especially if you’re at higher risk for prostate cancer. It can also help check for changes in prostate tissue after treatment or during follow-up for conditions like benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed, but you may be asked to avoid ejaculation for 2–4 days before the test if it’s part of a prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) evaluation. Drink plenty of fluids the day of the test to help your urine flow easily.

What the Test Involves

A blood sample is drawn from a vein in your arm by a healthcare professional. The blood is sent to a lab for analysis. The test typically takes less than 10 minutes, and you can return to your usual activities afterward.

What the Results Mean

PSA levels alone don’t diagnose prostate cancer—they’re used alongside other factors like age, family history, and digital rectal exam results. Very high levels may signal prostate cancer or other conditions, while very low levels might indicate prostate issues like inflammation or benign growths.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Elevated PSA levels can indicate prostate cancer, but they can also be raised by infections, inflammation, or other prostate conditions. Regular PSA monitoring helps track changes in prostate health, especially in men at higher risk. However, it’s not a definitive test for cancer alone—additional imaging or biopsies may be needed for further evaluation.

Short name

PSA Total

Frequently asked questions

How often should I get a PSA test?
The frequency depends on your age, overall health, and risk factors. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends discussing PSA testing with your doctor, as guidelines vary by individual. For men over 50 with no symptoms, it’s often recommended every 2–5 years. If you have a family history of prostate cancer or other risk factors, your doctor may suggest more frequent testing.
What causes PSA levels to be higher than normal?
Several factors can increase PSA levels, including prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate infections or inflammation, recent ejaculation, prostate surgery, or radiation therapy. Stress or certain medications may also temporarily affect PSA levels.
Can PSA levels ever be too low?
Yes, very low PSA levels can occur with conditions like prostate atrophy (shrinking), certain medications, or in men with very small prostates. However, low PSA alone doesn’t rule out prostate cancer, so further evaluation is often needed.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy