Skip to content

Serum or plasma concentration of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the level of vanillylmandelic acid, a breakdown product of certain hormones produced by the adrenal glands. It helps assess conditions related to excess hormone activity.

Quick summary

["VMA levels can indicate adrenal gland issues or other hormonal imbalances."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
31503-6
Short code
MuV Ab Ser Ql
Synonyms
MuV Ab Ser Ql
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Is This Test Done?

Your doctor may order a VMA test to check for conditions like pheochromocytoma—a rare tumor of the adrenal glands that causes high hormone levels—or other adrenal-related disorders. It may also be used in cases of suspected neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer affecting nerve cells.

How Is the Sample Collected?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. You may feel a small pinch when the needle is inserted, but the procedure is quick. If you’re on a fasting diet, your doctor will instruct you accordingly.

What Should You Expect Before the Test?

No special preparation is needed for this test, but you may be asked to avoid certain medications or foods that could affect results. Always follow your healthcare provider’s instructions.

What Are Possible Results?

Results are interpreted by your doctor based on your medical history and symptoms. Elevated levels may suggest hormonal imbalances or tumors, while normal levels help rule out these conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

High VMA levels often point to conditions like pheochromocytoma or neuroblastoma, where the adrenal glands or nerve cells produce too much catecholamines (hormones). Low or normal levels usually mean no significant hormonal excess is detected. Your doctor will discuss these findings in the context of your overall health.

Short name

VMA (Serum/Plasma)

Frequently asked questions

How long does it take to get my results?
Results are typically available within a few days to a week, depending on your lab’s processing time. Your doctor will contact you once they are ready for review.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
For this test, you can eat and drink normally unless instructed otherwise by your doctor. Some tests require fasting, but VMA does not.
Does this test require fasting?
No fasting is required for this test. However, if you’re taking certain medications or have specific dietary needs, let your doctor know before the test.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy