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Serum or Plasma Vanillylmandelic Acid (VMA) Measurement

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) in your blood or plasma. VMA is a breakdown product of certain hormones, often linked to the nervous system.

Quick summary

["VMA helps diagnose conditions affecting hormone production in the adrenal glands or nervous system."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
81385-7
Short code
MV ann a-prime Vmax TDI
Synonyms
MV ann a-prime Vmax TDI
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
us-tissue-doppler
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like headaches, high blood pressure, or unusual sweating. It could also be used to check for conditions such as neuroblastoma (a type of cancer in children) or pheochromocytoma (a tumor affecting hormone production).

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may have a simple blood draw, where a small needle is used to collect blood from a vein in your arm. If testing urine, you might need to collect a 24-hour sample.

What the Results Mean

Results are compared to standard reference ranges for VMA. Elevated levels may suggest excess hormone production, while lower levels might indicate other health concerns. Your doctor will interpret the results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is often used to monitor conditions involving abnormal hormone levels, such as tumors affecting the adrenal glands or nervous system. It can help track the effectiveness of treatments for these conditions.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Elevated or Low VMA Levels

Short name

VMA Level

Frequently asked questions

What does a high VMA level mean?
A high VMA level may indicate conditions like pheochromocytoma, where tumors produce too much adrenaline or other hormones. It can also be seen in neuroblastoma or other rare tumors. Your doctor will discuss further steps, such as additional tests or treatments.
What does a low VMA level mean?
Low VMA levels might suggest certain metabolic or genetic conditions affecting hormone metabolism. They can also be seen in people with certain genetic disorders or after treatment for hormone-related cancers. Always discuss results with your healthcare provider.
How often should I get this test?
The frequency of this test depends on your medical condition and treatment plan. Your doctor will determine how often you need retesting, often based on symptoms, treatment progress, or monitoring needs.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy