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Neutrophil count (absolute)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, in your blood. Neutrophils help fight infections and inflammation.

Quick summary

["Your doctor may check this to monitor immune function or detect infections."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
106919-4
Short code
Neutrophils NFr BAL
Synonyms
Neutrophils NFr BAL
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Doctors order an absolute neutrophil count to evaluate your immune system, especially if you have a history of infections, certain blood disorders, or are undergoing treatments that weaken your immune response, such as chemotherapy or steroids.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. The test is typically done by taking a small blood sample from a vein, usually in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it usually doesn’t cause discomfort.

What the Results Mean

Results are reported as the number of neutrophils per microliter (µL) of blood. Low counts may indicate infections, autoimmune diseases, or conditions that suppress the bone marrow. High counts can signal infections, inflammation, or other health issues.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test helps diagnose and manage conditions like neutropenia (low neutrophil count), infections, leukemia, or other blood disorders. It’s also used during cancer treatments to monitor immune recovery.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Neutrophils are critical for fighting bacterial infections. Abnormal counts can signal underlying health risks, including weakened immunity or severe infections that may require urgent treatment.

Short name

Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC)

Frequently asked questions

What causes a low neutrophil count?
Low neutrophil counts can result from infections, certain medications (like chemotherapy), autoimmune diseases, or conditions that affect bone marrow production of blood cells.
How long does it take to get results?
Results are usually available within 1 to 3 business days, depending on your lab’s processing time.
Can lifestyle changes affect neutrophil counts?
While diet and stress can influence overall immune health, neutrophil counts are primarily determined by blood cell production and infection status. Your doctor will assess results in context with your medical history.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy