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Neutrophil count (absolute) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, in your cerebrospinal fluid (the fluid surrounding your brain and spinal cord). It helps assess for infections or inflammation in the central nervous system.

Quick summary

["Neutrophils in CSF can signal serious conditions like meningitis or other infections."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
14039-2
Short code
Neutrophils NFr CSF Micro
Synonyms
Neutrophils NFr CSF Micro
Category
chemistry
Sample
csf
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
microscopy
Specimen volume
1-2 mL
Stability
Immediate analysis required, Refrigerated: 1h
Hemolysis max
200
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like severe headache, stiff neck, fever, confusion, or neurological issues. It’s also used to monitor conditions like meningitis, encephalitis, or other infections affecting the brain or spinal cord.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll have a small needle inserted into your lumbar spine to collect CSF. The procedure is quick but may cause mild discomfort. No special preparation is needed, but inform your doctor about any medications or allergies.

How the Test Results Are Interpreted

Normal results typically show very few neutrophils in CSF. Elevated counts may indicate infection, inflammation, or other neurological problems. Your doctor will compare results with your symptoms and other tests.

Possible Causes of Abnormal Results

High neutrophil counts in CSF can be due to bacterial or viral meningitis, abscesses, or other infections. Low counts may suggest viral infections, autoimmune conditions, or certain medications.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance

Short name

Neutrophil CSF count

Frequently asked questions

What does a high neutrophil count in CSF mean?
A high neutrophil count in CSF often signals a bacterial infection (e.g., bacterial meningitis) or an abscess. Viral infections or other inflammatory conditions may show different patterns. Your doctor will guide further testing or treatment based on the results.
What does a low neutrophil count in CSF mean?
Low neutrophil counts in CSF are less common but may occur with viral meningitis, certain autoimmune diseases, or after treatment for infections. Further evaluation, including cultures or imaging, may be needed to determine the cause.
Can diet or lifestyle affect this test?
No specific diet or lifestyle changes are needed for this test. However, avoid taking NSAIDs (like ibuprofen) before the procedure, as they may affect CSF analysis.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy