Neutrophil count (absolute)

Why Is This Test Done?

Doctors may order an absolute neutrophil count to diagnose or monitor conditions like infections, certain cancers (e.g., leukemia), autoimmune diseases, or after treatments that suppress the immune system. It can also help assess how well your body is responding to treatment.

What to Expect Before the Test

This test is usually done by taking a small blood sample from a vein in your arm. You may feel a slight pinch, but it’s quick and doesn’t require special preparation. If you’re on blood-thinning medication, let your provider know before the test.

What the Results Mean

Results are reported as the number of neutrophils per microliter (µL) of blood. While reference ranges vary by lab, very low counts (below normal) may indicate infections, immune disorders, or bone marrow problems. Very high counts (above normal) could signal chronic infections, inflammation, or other conditions.

Common Conditions Affecting Neutrophils

Low neutrophil counts (neutropenia) might be linked to conditions like aplastic anemia, certain medications, or genetic disorders. High neutrophil counts (neutrophilia) can result from infections, stress, or inflammatory diseases. Your provider will interpret results in the context of your overall health.