Neutrophil Count in Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your doctor may recommend this test if you have symptoms like severe headaches, neck stiffness, fever, confusion, or neurological issues. It’s often used to investigate conditions such as meningitis, brain infections, or other inflammatory diseases of the CNS.

What to Expect Before the Test

This test involves a spinal tap (lumbar puncture), where a small needle is inserted into your lower back to collect CSF. You may feel mild pressure or discomfort, but it’s usually quick and done under sterile conditions. No special preparation is needed, but inform your doctor about any medications or allergies.

What the Results Mean

High neutrophil counts in CSF often suggest bacterial infections (like bacterial meningitis), severe inflammation, or other conditions causing immune response in the CNS. Very low counts may indicate viral infections, autoimmune diseases, or other conditions reducing immune cells in the CSF.

Common Conditions Linked to Abnormal Results

Elevated neutrophils are most commonly linked to bacterial meningitis, abscesses, or other bacterial infections in the CNS. Low or normal counts may be seen in viral meningitis, autoimmune diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis), or non-infectious conditions like subarachnoid hemorrhage.