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Neutrophil count in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by automated cell differential

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, in your cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It helps assess for infections or inflammation in the brain and spinal cord.

Quick summary

["Neutrophils in CSF can signal serious conditions like meningitis or other infections."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
86581-6
Short code
N men CSF Ql Cult
Synonyms
N men CSF Ql Cult
Category
chemistry
Sample
csf
Container
Sterile tube
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
organism-specific-culture
Specimen volume
1-2 mL
Stability
Immediate analysis required, Refrigerated: 1h
Hemolysis max
200
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms like severe headache, stiff neck, fever, or confusion. It’s often used to diagnose conditions such as bacterial meningitis, viral meningitis, or other infections affecting the central nervous system.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely have a small needle inserted into your spine to collect a sample of CSF. This procedure is called a lumbar puncture or spinal tap. You may feel pressure or mild discomfort, but it’s usually not painful.

What the Results Mean

High neutrophil counts in CSF often indicate an infection (e.g., bacterial meningitis). Very low counts may suggest viral meningitis or other inflammatory conditions. Your doctor will interpret results in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Common Conditions Linked to Abnormal Results

Elevated neutrophils are most commonly linked to bacterial infections of the CNS, such as bacterial meningitis. Lower neutrophil counts may be seen in viral meningitis or other inflammatory processes.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

◆Associated findings1

Short name

CSF Neutrophil Count

Frequently asked questions

What causes a high neutrophil count in CSF?
A high neutrophil count in CSF is most commonly due to bacterial infections, such as bacterial meningitis. It can also occur in severe cases of viral meningitis or other inflammatory conditions affecting the brain or spinal cord.
How is this test different from a blood neutrophil count?
This test specifically measures neutrophils in your CSF, while a blood neutrophil count measures neutrophils in your bloodstream. The CSF test is more focused on detecting inflammation or infection in the central nervous system.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
You can eat and drink normally before the test, as it does not require fasting. However, inform your doctor about any medications you’re taking, as some may affect results.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy