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Bilirubin, Total (Serum)

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the total amount of bilirubin in your blood. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps your liver process waste and keeps your bile healthy."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
19260-9
Short code
N men sg B+E coli K1 Ag Spec Ql LA
Synonyms
N men sg B+E coli K1 Ag Spec Ql LA
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
la
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your doctor may order this test if they suspect liver disease, bile duct blockage, or hemolytic anemia (a condition where red blood cells break down too quickly). It can also help diagnose jaundice, which is when your skin or eyes turn yellow due to high bilirubin levels.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You may have a small needle inserted into your arm to draw blood. This is usually quick and painless, though some people feel a slight pinch.

What the Results Mean

Higher than normal levels of bilirubin can indicate problems with your liver, gallbladder, or bile ducts. Lower levels may suggest certain blood disorders or liver diseases. Your doctor will discuss your results with you.

Common Conditions Linked to Bilirubin Levels

Elevated bilirubin is often seen in conditions like hepatitis (liver inflammation), gallstones, or liver cirrhosis. It can also appear in conditions like sickle cell disease or certain types of anemia.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Bilirubin levels are important because they help doctors monitor liver function and identify potential health issues early. High levels can cause symptoms like dark urine, pale stools, or itching, but many people have elevated bilirubin without symptoms.

Short name

Total bilirubin

Frequently asked questions

What causes bilirubin levels to be high?
High bilirubin levels can be caused by problems with red blood cell breakdown, liver disease, or blockages in the bile ducts. These conditions can prevent bilirubin from being processed normally by your liver.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your health condition and symptoms. Some people may need it once a year, while others might need it more frequently if they have ongoing liver issues.
Can diet affect bilirubin levels?
Diet alone typically does not significantly affect bilirubin levels, but certain foods or supplements can interact with liver function indirectly. Always follow your doctor’s advice regarding dietary changes if you have liver-related conditions.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy