Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Protein Electrophoresis

Why This Test Might Be Ordered

Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have symptoms like headaches, vision changes, numbness, weakness, or neurological issues that suggest a problem with your brain or spinal fluid. It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple sclerosis, meningitis, or other inflammatory or infectious diseases of the nervous system.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely have a small needle inserted into your back to collect a sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using a procedure called a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). This may cause mild discomfort, but you’ll be given local anesthesia to minimize pain. Avoid heavy lifting or strenuous activity for 24 hours afterward.

What the Test Results Mean

The test separates CSF proteins into different bands (fractions) using electrophoresis, which helps identify patterns. For example, elevated amounts of certain proteins (like immunoglobulin G or albumin) may point to conditions like multiple sclerosis, infections, or tumors. Your results will be reviewed by a healthcare provider to interpret the findings in the context of your symptoms and medical history.

Common Conditions Monitored or Diagnosed

This test is often used to diagnose or monitor conditions such as multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, meningitis, encephalitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or certain types of brain tumors. It can also help detect infections, inflammatory diseases, or metabolic disorders affecting the nervous system.