Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Cell Count with Differential (Manual Count)

What Is a CSF Cell Count Used For?

CSF cell counts are primarily used to detect abnormalities such as increased white blood cells (which may indicate infection or inflammation), red blood cells (which could suggest bleeding), or abnormal cell types (like lymphocytes or monocytes). Doctors may order this test if you have symptoms like severe headaches, neck stiffness, fever, or neurological issues.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small amount of CSF is collected through a procedure called a lumbar puncture (spinal tap). The fluid is then examined under a microscope by a trained lab technician to count and identify different cell types. This manual method provides detailed differentiation of cells that automated tests might miss.

Preparation and Aftercare

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may experience mild discomfort during the procedure, but you can usually return to your normal activities afterward. Avoid strenuous activities for 24 hours to prevent complications.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is critical in diagnosing conditions like bacterial or viral meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, multiple sclerosis, or other neurological disorders. Elevated white blood cells often point to infection or immune responses, while abnormal red blood cells may indicate bleeding.