Plasma or Serum Protein Electrophoresis (Quantitative)

What This Test Measures

Electrophoresis separates blood proteins (such as albumin, globulins, and others) based on their electrical charge and size. The test quantifies these protein fractions, often displayed as bands or peaks on a graph. This process helps detect imbalances that might indicate underlying health concerns.

Why It’s Done

Your healthcare provider may order this test to investigate symptoms like unexplained fatigue, swelling, or signs of organ dysfunction. It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, or chronic kidney disease, where protein patterns can change over time.

Common Uses

Protein electrophoresis is commonly used to screen for conditions affecting protein production, such as monoclonal gammopathies (e.g., multiple myeloma) or conditions like nephrotic syndrome (kidney disease causing protein loss). It may also be part of routine monitoring for patients with known protein-related disorders.

Sample Collection

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in your arm. The blood is then processed to separate serum (if drawn without anticoagulants) or plasma (if drawn with anticoagulants like EDTA). The test requires a small volume of this fluid for analysis.