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Serum or plasma concentration of **total bilirubin**

Published: August 9, 2026Updated: August 16, 2026

This test measures the amount of bilirubin, a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. It helps assess liver function and detect conditions like jaundice or bile duct blockages.

Quick summary

["Bilirubin helps diagnose liver and bile flow issues, including jaundice, hepatitis, or gallbladder problems."]

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial TeamLast reviewed August 16, 2026Editorial policy

Key facts at a glance

LOINC
23333-8
Short code
OPPV Ab Mlk Ql IA
Synonyms
OPPV Ab Mlk Ql IA
Category
chemistry
Sample
serum
Container
Red-top tube (SST)
Units
N/A
Fasting
false
Population
adult
Sex
all
Age range
18–65 years
Method
ia
Specimen volume
5 mL
Stability
Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
Hemolysis max
500
Lipemia max
1000
Icterus max
500
TAT
4–24 hours
Order
routine

Why Your Liver Matters

Your liver plays a key role in processing food, detoxifying chemicals, and producing bile—a substance that helps break down fats. When bilirubin builds up, it can cause yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice), which may signal problems like liver inflammation or blockages in the bile ducts.

What Causes High or Low Bilirubin?

High bilirubin levels may result from liver disease, red blood cell disorders, or blockages in the bile system. Low levels are less common but could indicate liver dysfunction or certain genetic conditions.

What to Expect During the Test

A blood sample is taken from your arm, usually during a routine visit. No special preparation is needed, but fasting may be advised for some related liver function tests.

How Results Are Used

Your doctor may use bilirubin results to check for liver disease, monitor treatment for conditions like hepatitis, or investigate unexplained jaundice or dark urine.

Clinical interpretation

How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.

Clinical Significance: Bilirubin as a Diagnostic Marker

Short name

Bilirubin Level

Frequently asked questions

What does a bilirubin test tell me about my health?
A bilirubin test helps identify whether your liver or bile system is functioning properly. Elevated levels may indicate conditions like jaundice, liver inflammation (hepatitis), gallbladder issues, or red blood cell disorders. Low levels are less common but could signal underlying liver problems or genetic conditions.
How often should I get this test?
Your doctor will determine how often you need this test based on your symptoms, medical history, and overall health. Some people may need it yearly, while others may require it more frequently if they have liver-related conditions.
Can I eat or drink before this test?
Follow your doctor’s instructions, but generally, no special diet is required unless they specify fasting for related liver tests.
  1. 1
    MedlinePlus — Laboratory TestsSource
  2. 2
    Lab Tests OnlineSource
  3. 3
    Mayo Clinic — Tests & ProceduresSource

Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.

This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.

If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.

Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy