Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) White Blood Cell Count with Differential (Manual Count)

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if you have symptoms such as severe headache, neck stiffness, fever, confusion, or neurological problems. It’s also used to monitor conditions like multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, or infections like meningitis or encephalitis.

What to Expect Before the Test

You’ll likely have a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) where a small needle is inserted into your lower back to collect CSF. The procedure is quick but may cause mild discomfort. No special preparation is needed, but inform your doctor about any medications or allergies.

What the Test Results Mean

The manual differential counts specific types of white blood cells (e.g., neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes) in your CSF. Elevated counts of certain cells can indicate different conditions, such as bacterial infections (neutrophils), viral infections (lymphocytes), or other inflammatory processes.

Common Conditions Monitored

This test is critical for diagnosing and managing conditions like meningitis, encephalitis, subarachnoid hemorrhages, or demyelinating diseases. It helps determine the cause of symptoms and guides treatment decisions.