Plasma or Serum Protein Electrophoresis (PES)

Why This Test Is Done

Your doctor may order this test if they suspect certain diseases, such as blood cancers (like multiple myeloma), kidney disease, liver problems, or certain autoimmune conditions. It’s also used to monitor treatment progress or check for hidden protein abnormalities in the blood.

What to Expect Before the Test

No special preparation is needed. You’ll likely have a small needle inserted into a vein (usually in your arm) to draw blood. If you’re nervous, let your healthcare provider know—they can help make it more comfortable.

What the Test Results Mean

The test separates proteins into bands (like a fingerprint) based on their size and charge. Each band represents different proteins, such as albumin, globulins, and others. Abnormal patterns can signal problems like too many or too few proteins, which may require further testing.

Common Conditions This Test Helps Detect

This test can reveal signs of conditions like multiple myeloma (a cancer of plasma cells), kidney disease (such as nephrotic syndrome), liver disease (like cirrhosis), or certain immune disorders. It may also show signs of protein loss due to damage in organs like the kidneys or lungs.