Protein Electrophoresis, Serum (Qualitative)

What Is Protein Electrophoresis Used For?

Protein electrophoresis helps doctors detect and monitor conditions by analyzing how proteins move through a gel under an electric field. This can reveal unusual protein bands that might indicate diseases affecting protein production, such as certain cancers or metabolic disorders.

How Is the Test Performed?

A blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum portion is then separated and placed on a gel. An electric current is applied to separate proteins by size and charge, creating distinct bands. These bands are later examined under light to identify any abnormal patterns.

Preparation and Sample Collection

No special preparation is needed for this test. You may eat and drink normally before your blood draw. If you have a history of bleeding disorders or are on blood thinners, inform your healthcare provider beforehand.

Possible Results and Interpretation

Results show different protein bands, including albumin, alpha-globulins, beta-globulins, and gamma-globulins. Abnormal bands or patterns may suggest conditions like multiple myeloma (excess monoclonal proteins), liver disease (altered albumin levels), or kidney disease (proteinuria). Your doctor will interpret the results in the context of your overall health.