Bone Mineral Density (BMD) by Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) of the Spine and Femur
This test measures the density of your spine and femur bones using a special X-ray technique called Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA). It helps assess your risk of osteoporosis, a condition where bones become weak and brittle.
DXA helps identify bone loss that may lead to fractures, guiding treatment decisions to maintain bone health.
Key facts at a glance
- LOINC
- 62909-7
- Short code
- PHENXMEASURESPINEFEMURBONEDENSITYBYDUALENERGYXRAYABSORPTIOMETRY
- Synonyms
- —
- Category
- coagulation
- Sample
- serum
- Container
- Red-top tube (SST)
- Units
- N/A
- Ref low
- 0.8
- Ref high
- 1.2
- Critical range
- — – 5 N/A
- Fasting
- false
- Population
- adult
- Sex
- all
- Age range
- 18–65 years
- Method
- phenx
- CPT
- 85610
- SNOMED
- 396252006
- Specimen volume
- 5 mL
- Stability
- Room temperature: 4h, Refrigerated: 24h, Frozen: 7d
- Hemolysis max
- 500
- Lipemia max
- 1000
- Icterus max
- 500
- TAT
- 4–24 hours
- Order
- routine
Why This Test Is Done
Your healthcare provider may recommend this test if you have risk factors for osteoporosis, such as being postmenopausal, having a family history of osteoporosis, or experiencing symptoms like back pain or fractures. It’s also used to monitor bone health in people with certain medical conditions or those taking medications that affect bone density.
How the Test Works
During the DXA scan, you lie still on a table while a low-dose X-ray machine passes over your spine and femur. The machine measures bone density in specific areas, providing precise measurements that help determine your bone health status.
What to Expect Before the Test
No special preparation is needed. Wear comfortable clothing without metal buttons or zippers, and avoid wearing jewelry or any metal objects near the scan area. You may be asked to remove your shoes and any jewelry from the lower body.
What to Expect During the Test
The scan itself takes only a few minutes. You’ll lie flat on your back or side, and the technician will guide you through the procedure while you remain as still as possible. The radiation dose is very low and considered safe for most people.
Reference range
INR: 0.8-1.2 (warfarin: 2.0-3.0)N/A
Inform your healthcare provider if you are taking blood thinners. No special preparation required.
Clinical interpretation
How abnormal results are interpreted and what conditions they suggest.
Clinical Significance
Short name
Spine & Femur DXA
Frequently asked questions
This test is critical for diagnosing osteoporosis and monitoring its progression. Low bone density detected early can lead to timely interventions, such as lifestyle changes, medications, or other treatments to prevent fractures and improve bone strength.
How often should I get this test? Your healthcare provider will determine the frequency based on your risk factors, medical history, and test results. Typically, follow-up tests may be scheduled every 1–2 years if you’re at high risk.
Can I eat or drink before the test? No special diet or fasting is required before this test. You can eat and drink normally as usual.
Sources
- 1
- 2Lab Tests OnlineSource
- 3
Click any link to access the full source. PubMed Central (PMC) links provide free full-text access.
This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.
This content is for general informational and educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always seek the guidance of a qualified healthcare provider with any questions you have about a medical condition, and never disregard professional medical advice or delay seeking it because of something you read here.
If you think you may have a medical emergency, call your local emergency number or go to the nearest emergency department immediately.
Medically reviewed by WellAlly Editorial Team Last reviewed August 16, 2026. · Read our editorial policy