Protein Electrophoresis (Serum)

What Proteins Does This Test Measure?

Your blood contains several types of proteins, including albumin, globulins (such as immunoglobulins), and other fractions. Electrophoresis separates these proteins based on size and charge, allowing for detailed analysis of their concentrations. This process helps detect imbalances that may indicate underlying health issues.

Why Might You Need This Test?

A protein electrophoresis test may be ordered if you have symptoms like unexplained weight loss, fatigue, swelling, or if doctors suspect conditions like multiple myeloma, lymphoma, liver disease, or kidney disease. It can also help monitor treatment progress for certain conditions.

How Is the Test Performed?

A small blood sample is drawn from a vein, usually in your arm. The serum (liquid part of blood after clotting) is then separated and analyzed using electrophoresis to identify protein patterns.

What Does the Test Result Mean?

Results show the distribution of proteins across different fractions. Abnormal patterns may indicate high or low levels of specific proteins, which can guide further medical evaluation. For example, a spike in certain globulins might suggest multiple myeloma, while low albumin could signal liver or kidney issues.